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PAL-Assembler Summary Description
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Š.he PAL-Assembler Version 3.1 Nordelektronik GmbH
.pn 1
.fo Page #
Index




1.   Diskette contents
2.   Invoking the PAL-Assembler
3.   PAL-Program structure
4.   Use of simulator
5.   Programming of PAL's
6.   Limitations
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Š                    1.   Diskette contents


   The following files are part of the PAL-assembler:

          a)   PALASM.COM          PAL-Assembler program
          b)   PALASM.TXT          Description
          c)   EXAMPLE.PAL         PAL-Program example
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Š                 2.   Invoking the PAL-Assembler

   The PAL-assembler is invoded under CP/M by typing PALASM<CR>.
   Thå prograí theî reportó it'ó versioî numbeò anä askó foò  thå �
namå oæ thå filå tï bå assembled®  Contrarù tï previouó versions¬ �
the extension must be included, e.g. EXAMPLE.PAL<CR>
   Thå filå ió theî reaä anä assembled® Asseblinç takeó somå timå �
(approximatelù ± minute.© Ió aî erroò detecteä iî thió phase¬  iô �
will be reported and the program stops with STOP ERROR.
   Iæ  thå filå ió assembleä withouô erroró yoõ havå á choicå  oæ �
generatinç  variouó  printouts®  Usinç  Echï (E© yoõ wilì  geô  á �
listinç  oæ  youò inpuô file®  Iæ yoõ typå ^Р (control-P©  afteò �
enterinç  thå  "E¢  yoõ wilì alsï geô á  printouô  (provideä  thå �
printer is turned on and selected!)
   Enterinç Ploô (P© listó thå distributioî oæ alì fuseó iî  youò �
PAL®  Á ne÷ featurå ió thaô yoõ caî no÷ distinguisè betweeî fuseó �
that never existed, and fuses you burned.
   Entering pinOut (O) lists the pinout of your new PAL.
   Tï  transfeò thå datá tï thå PROÍ programmer¬  selecô functioî �
Hex (H).
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Š                 3.   Structure of a PAL-Program


Pleaså  refeò  tï thå decriptioî iî thå  PAÌ  Programmablå  Arraù �
Logiã Handbooë by MMI.

Short summary:
     Line 1              PAL-specification (type)
     Lines 2-4           Comments
     Line 5              Start of pin list (20 symbols)
     Then the appropriate equations for your PAL.

   Pleaså   notå  thaô  lineó  startinç  witè  á  semicoloî   arå �
interpreted as comments.
   Next¬  yoõ  caî enteò á paragrapè startinç witè "DESCRIPTION:¢ �
which is treated as a comment extending to the end of the file.
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Š                  4.   Use of the simulator


   Thió versioî oæ thå PAL-assembleò allowó verificatioî oæ  youò �
PAL with a function table.
   Iî ordeò tï dï this¬  youò PAL-prograí nusô includå á functioî �
tablå afteò thå logiã equationó abä beforå thå DESCRIPTIONº  witè �
a structure as follows:
FUNCTION TABLE            
A Pin-List
One line containing only dashes ("-")
A truth table
One line containing only dashes ("-")

   Thå  pin-lisô ió á sub-lisô oæ youò linå 5®  Onlù selecô thoså �
pinó  yoõ  consideò  necessarù foò youò  test®  Iæ  yoõ  lisô  aî �
undefined name, the simulation will abort with an error message.
   Thå trutè tablå consistó oæ á sequencå oæ thå letteró H,L,X,Z¬ �
anä  C®  Ø meanó "don'ô care,¢ Ú meanó "high-z,¢ anä Ã ió á clocë �
pulså  iî thå caså oæ register-PAL's®  Commentó maù  bå  inserteä �
freely, provided the first character in the line is a semicolon.
   Iæ  thå  PAL-assembleò noteó á discrepancù betweeî  thå  trutè �
tablå anä thå previouslù defineä logiã equations¬  iô wilì reporô �
an error and continue the simulation.
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Š                  5.   Programming PAL's



   The PAL-assembleò uses RDR: and PUN: for data transmission.
   Therefore¬  yoõ  musô  issuå  thå  followinç  commandó  beforå �
invoking PALASM:
     STAT RDR:=TTY:
     STAT PUN:=TTY:
   Iæ yoõ selecô datá transmission¬ thå PAL-assembleò informó yoõ �
oæ  thå necessarù keystrokeó oî thå programmeò sï iô caî  receivå �
the data.
   Pleaså  notå  beforå  programminç PAL'ó thaô  somå  componentó �
don'ô havå somå fuseó anä youò programmeò wilì displaù á  cautioî �
message during component test.
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Š                      6.   Limitations




   Thå  PAL-assembleò caî assemblå uð tï 10° lines®  Pleaså  makå �
surå youò prograí doeó noô exceeä thió limit® Thió applieó tï 64ë �
computers.
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