ENIAC vs. ENIAC-on-a-Chip IC implementation

[William Blair]

>From the excellent book, "The First Computers - History and Architectures," an interesting comparison:

"The ENIAC contained 17,468 vacuum tubes, 70,000 resistors, 10,000 capacitors, 7,200 crystal diodes, and 6,000 switches, it had a footprint of about 33 m x 1 m, occupied a room of 170 square meters, dissipated about 140-174 kW and weighed 30 tons. In contrast, he chip realization contains 174,569 transistors, measures 7.4 mm x 5.3 mm (the PGA package measures 3.6 cm by 3.6 cm), dissipates a few Watts (depending on how many units run in parallel and the clock speed), and weighs a few grams. Also, in terms of power requirement the comparison is striking. In addition to the AC power for the heaters of the tubes, the card reader and the card punch, the ENIAC required 78 different DC voltage levels to power 10 different types of vacuum tubes. The power equipment was housed in 7 panels which were separate from the ENIAC’s 40 panels. Special ventilating equipment consisted of an elaborate system of fans and blowers to keep the temperature inside the panels
 below C. In contrast, the chip needs only one power supply of 5 V (or lower). The clock frequency used in the ENIAC was 100 kHz, while the one on the chip can easily run at 50 MHz or higher."

http://www.ese.upenn.edu/~jan/eniacproj.html