On Fri, 4 Jan 2002, Sean 'Captain Napalm'
Conner wrote:
 I believe that in virtual-8086 mode, priveleged instructions (e.g. OUT)
 cause a trap.  The OS, having set up the appropriate trap gates, gets
 control and decides what to do for these instructions. 
There is a bit mask in the TSS (I think) that controls whether an I/O
will trap or be executed. Other privledged instructions will trap.
   There is an
undocumented mode---real-32 bit (where the CPU is in
 32-bit mode, but not running protected) but that's a hack and is
 probably not recomended. 
 That's 'flat mode'.  
 
I think he means "real flat mode" which is different from what
is usually referred to as "flat mode."
Eric