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TRS-80 DOS – DOSPLUS 3.5

by Ira @ 6:18 pm on March 18, 2010.

DOSPLUS v3.5

Page Menu

DOSPLUS 3.5 Background and Features
DOSPLUS 3.5 General Conventions
DOSPLUS 3.5 Library Command Reference
DOSPLUS 3.5 Drivers and Filters Reference
DOSPLUS 3.5 Job Control Language Reference
DOSPLUS 3.5 Disk BASIC Extensions
DOSPLUS 3.5 Disk BASIC Shorthand
DOSPLUS 3.5 Disk BASIC Error Messages
DOSPLUS 3.5 Disk BASIC Error Codes

Background

DOSPLUS v3.5

DOSPLUS 3.5 is a Disk Operating System for the Model I and Model III TRS-80 made by Micro Systems Software Inc. of Boca Raton, Florida. It was released in 1983 for the Model I and Model III TRS-80 at a suggested retail price of $149.95.

Although not an exhaustive list by any means, the following were some of the features which set DOSPLUS 3.5 apart from TRSDOS, and in some cases, apart from other DOS’s:

Devices, Files, and Drives Are Treated The Same
One of DOSPLUS 3.5′s strength, particularly over TRSDOS, was that it allowed the user to treat devices as files. You could switch, kill, reassign, and reconfigure input/output devices at will. As far as DOSPLUS 3.5 was concerned, you could manipulate the Keyboard (KI), Display (DO), Printer (PR), RS-232 (RS), and two user-defined hardware devices (U1 and U2), as well as 8 disk drive types. The devices were operated by character (one byte at a time), while the drives were operated by files (one file at a time). However, character-oriented and file-oriented devices could be made to perform as each other, so you really could interchange files, drives, and devices (within reason, of course).

These relationships were established by ASSIGN, JOIN, FORCE, and RESET.

Join connects the specified devices to receive the same byte simultaneously or to link two input devices so that one unit supplies data for the other. You can also use Join to join the device to a disk file. For example, you can use the command: JOIN (FROM) @DO (TO) @PR to provide a printout of all items displayed to the video. The command Join alone provides a listing of the current status of the character-oriented devices and their driver address.
Force diverts output from the previously assigned device and sends it to the new device. This allows the redirection of input and/or output paths for the system’s devices. For example, the command FORCE (FROM) @PR (TO) fdespec reroutes the output from the printer to the filespec disk file. Force without any I/O field provides a listing of the current status of the character-oriented devices and their driver address.
Reset restores a device or disk drive to the previously assigned driver. This disolves any Joins or Forces in effect for the specified device and restores the default or initial driver to service. Reset without any other fields performs a global reset of all devices.
Assign installs drivers for a device or drive. This command lets you install a nonstandard driver for any device or drive in the system. The driver is a program that controls the input/output from a specific device or drive, such as hard disk drives. Once you install the driver program on a device by using the Assign command, you can assign the same driver to other devices by using the Assign command without allocating more memory. Assign requires that the driver program be in a loader format machine executable tile. The Assign command loads this driver into memory and the program executes the routine.

DOSPLUS v3.5 for Model I

DOSPLUS v3.5 for Model III

Filters
DOSPLUS 3.5 also supported filters – customized tables which would convert an input file to an output file, using the translations in the filter.

The power of combining these two
By combining the device based driver model with filters, otherwise complex tasks were made fairly routine. Examples, keyboard debounce, keyboard repeat delays, macro keys, character filtering were some examples using the Keyboard. Similarly, special cursors and lowercase were simple work for the Display. Of course, both serial and printer benefited from spooling, automatic pagination, and indenting. Pretty cool stuff, but the most stunning is that you could route a device to a file, essentially making the file a container which acted as a disk drive (which would have been a precursor of directories on a hard drive).

Wildcard Support

In addition, DOSPLUS 3.5 also supported wildcards for filenames. For example, KILL :0 USING ! would kill all visible files on :0 (and is the same as “KILL !:0″)

CONFIG
Similar to LDOS’s CONFIG, and NewDos/80′s PDRIVE and SYSTEM, DOSPLUS 3.5 allowed you to configure the attributes of drives, including allowing the use of Hard Drives.

LOAD
The LOAD command could be used to load “core image files” which different from CMD files in that they have no header, and represent the format at which the file would appear in memory.

System Customizations
DOSPLUS 3.5 could be customized so that specific system drivers were loaded on each boot, including any filtering which was desired. The logo, date prompt, time prompt, caps lock, cursor character, cursor blink, etc. were also customizable. These were all done by using the SYSTEM command to make your selections and then using the CONFIGR command to write them to disk so that they would automatically load on reboot (if you wished to do so). DOSPLUS 3.5 could support the existence of different CONFIGR files on the same disk and could change between them on the fly.

Job Control Language
Unlike the DO command, DOSPLUS 3.5′s JCL executor was a real language and had to be loaded into high memory (using the SYSTEM command) before it could be operated. Once in memory, batch files could be created with substitutional parameters and conditional execution.

Included Utilities
BACK-UP – backup a disk.
CONVERT
CRUNCH
DIRCHECK – check the target disk’s directory for errors and repair most errors in the file entry table, the HIT, and the GAT.
DISKDUMP – display and modify the contents of any disk file by sector.
DISKZAP – display and modify the contents of any disk cylinder/sector.
FORMAT – format a disk.
HELP – display the command syntax for a chosen keyword, with a description of its function
LABEL – read a BASIC source file and change named references to line numbers.
MAP – lists the file disk space allocated to files by cylinder/sector.
PATCH – apply modifications to any load module, either from a disk file or from the keyboard.
RESTORE – undelete a file (accomplished because DOSPLUS 3.5 only zero’s out the first byte of the directory entry when KILLing a file).
SYSGEN – place the system files onto a destination disk (requires the disk be formatted first).
TAPE – a general tape to disk converter which can display the load map of the file and relocate the file (similar to NEWDOS/80′s LMOFFSET or LDOS’s CMDFILE).
TRAP

DOSPLUS 3.5 General Conventions

1.		Capital letters MUST be typed as shown on command lines.
2.		Information to be entered by the user based upon a list of valid values and parameters for that command are given in lower case.
3.		Brackets indicate that the information contained within the brackets is optional and may or may not be entered, depending on the situation and the user’s desire for clarity.
4.		Parentheses indicate the parameter field. This field is composed of those parameters that will modify the action of the command to suit the user’s needs. Parentheses are not a requirement in DOSPLUS; the parameter field is now indicated as much by position as by delimiters.
5.		Parameters may be abbreviated by using the capital letter(s) of the parameter name. Lowercase letters may or may not be typed, depending on the user’s need for clarity.
6.		The letter H indicates that the value it follows is a hexadecimal value. It is used for entering data to the system in hexadecimal format.
7.		The general form of each command will be the command itself, followed by the I/O field, followed by the parameters field. The parameter field and certain portions of the I/O field are optional and included at the discretion of the operator.

DOSPLUS 3.5 Library Command Reference

APPEND – append file/device data to another file
	APPEND [FROM] device1/file1 [TO] device 2/file2 (Cmd=,Strip=)
		device1/file1 – source device or file device2/file2 – destination device or file
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		Cmd=sw – appends to destination file in load file format (/CMD file) Strip=sw – backspace destination file 1 byte

ASSIGN – install driver program for any device or drive
	ASSIGN [FROM] devspec/drivespec [TO] filespec ASSIGN [FROM] devspec1/drivespec1 [TO] devspec2/drive-spec2
		devspec – name of device for which driver is to be installed
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		drivespec – name of drive for which driver is to be be installed (:0, :1) filespec – name of driver program devspec1 – source device drivespec1 – source drive devspec2 – destination device drivespec2 – Destination drive

ATTRIB* – set a file’s user definable attributes
	ATTRIB filespec (PW=”",Acc=”",Upd=”",Prot=,Lrl=,Inv=,Keep=,Mod=) ATTRIB [USING] wildmask (PW=”",Acc=”",Upd=”",Prot=,Lrl=,Inv=,Keep=,Mod=)
		filespec – file with attributes to be altered wildmask – file or group of files to be operated on (use ?,*,! to mask characters) PW=”" – disk master password Acc=”" – new access password Upd=”" – new update password Prot=value – protection
			0 – no protection set. Total access 1 – Kill, Rename, Write, Read, Execute 2 – Rename, Write, Read, Execute 3 – Not used at this time 4 – Write, Read, Execute 5 – Read, Execute 6 – Execute only 7 – No access. Not a user option
		Lrl=sw – new logical record length Inv=sw – new invisible status Keep=sw – new non-shrinkable status Mod=sw – new mod flag status

AUTO* – execute command at boot-up
	AUTO [drivespec] [doscmd;doscmd;....] AUTO *[drivespec] [doscmd;doscmd;...] AUTO ![drivespec] [doscmd;doscmd;...]
		[drivespec] – optional drive specifier [doscmd] – any executable DOSPLUS command. * – disables as break on boot & disables BREAK ! – invisible command

BOOT – system reboot from software
	BOOT – there are no parameters

BREAK – enable/disable BREAK key
	BREAK [ON/OFF]
		ON – enable BREAK key OFF – disable BREAK key

BUILD – build an ASCII text file
	BUILD devspec/filespec (Append=)
		devspec – any valid device specification
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		filespec – any valid file specification Append=sw – build onto existing file

CAT – display disk’s file catalog
	CAT [FROM] drivespec [TO] file/device [USING] wildmask (System=,Invis=,Kill=,Alpha=)
		drivespec – any valid drive number file – optional output file device – optional output device
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		wildmask – file or group of files to be operated on (use ?,*,! to mask characters) System=sw – display files as standard entries Invis=sw – display visible and invisible files Kill=sw – display names of deleted files Alpha=sw – display names in alphabetical order

CLEAR – fill file or user memory with user-defined data
	CLEAR [filespec] (Start=,End=,Data=)
		filespec – optional file specification Start=val – starting memory address End=val – ending memory address Data=val – optional fill data

CLOCK – toggle clock display on/off
	CLOCK ON/OFF
		ON – turns display on OFF – turns display off

CLS – clears display and resets video mode
	CLS – there are no parameters

CONFIG – configure DOSPLUS for non-standard disk drives
	CONFIG – with no parameters, displays configuration

CONFIG – configure DOSPLUS for non-standard disk drives For FLOPPY DRIVES …
	CONFIG [drivespec] (Wp=,Md=,HL=,Step=,SKip=,SIZe=,SIDes=,Pd=)
		drivespec – optional drive specification Wp=sw – sets software write protect Md=sw – configures for delay on motor on HL=sw – configures for delay on head load Step=sw – sets drive step rate SKip=sw – sets double-step mode SIZe=sw – indicates disk’s physical size SIDes=sw – indicates number of read/write surfaces Pd=sw – indicates physical drive

CONFIG – configure DOSPLUS for non-standard disk drives For RIGID DRIVES …
	CONFIG [drivespec] (Wp=,Step=,SKip=,SIZe=,SIDes=,Pd=,Ho=,Co=,Ts=)
		drivespec – optional drive specification Wp=sw – sets software write protect Step=sw – sets drive step rate SIZe=sw – sets platter size SIDes=sw – indicates number of read/write surfaces Pd=sw – indicates physical drive Ho=val – sets head offset Co=val – sets cylinder offset Ts=val – sets number of tracks per sector

COPY – copy data from file/device to file/device
	COPY [FROM] device/file [TO] device/file (Dpw=”",Echo=,Invs=,Kill=,Mod=,Over=,Prompt=,Query=,Spw=”",Tiny=,New=,Old=) COPY [FROM] filespec [TO] filespec/devspec (Dpw=”",Echo=,Invs=,Kill=,Mod=,Over=,Prompt=,Query=,Spw=”",Tiny=,New=,Old=) COPY [FROM] drivespec [TO] drivespec [USING] wildmask (Dpw=”",Echo=,Invs=,Kill=,Mod=,Over=,Prompt=,Query=,Spw=,Tiny=,New=,Old=)
		device – any valid device
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		file – any valid file filespec – any valid file specification drivespec – any valid file specification devspec – any valid device specification wildmask – file or group of files to be operated on (use ?,*,! to mask characters) Dpw=”" – destination drives master password Echo=sw – display filenames as copied Invis=sw – copy invisible files also Kill=sw – delete source file after copying Mod=sw – copy based on MOD flag condition Over=sw – prompt before overwriting Prompt=sw – prompt for disks (single-drive copy) Query=sw – prompt before copying Spw=”" – source disk’s master password Tiny=sw – copy one sector at a time New=sw – copy only files not on destination Old=sw – copy only file on destination

CREATE* – preallocate space in a file
	CREATE filespec (Data=,Grans=,Keep=,Kilo=,Lrl=,Size=, Verify=)
		filespec – any valid file specification Data=val – fill data (one or two bytes) Grans=val – number of grans Keep=sw – sets keep flag (non-shrinkable attrib.) Kilo=val – number of [ilobytes Lrl=val - logical record length Size=val - number of records Verify=sw - verify disk space after creation

DATE* - set or display date
	DATE - with no parameter, returns current date DATE mm/dd/yy - set date
		mm - two-digit month (1-12) dd - two-digit day (1-31) yy - two-digit year (0-99)

DEBUG* - system debugging utility
	DEBUG [ON/OFF]
		A – set display to ASCII/Graphics C – Instruction/Call step Daaaa – set the display to aaaa Gaaaa,bbbb,cccc – execute at aaaa with breakpoints set at bbbb and cccc H – set display to hexadecimal I – single step next instruction Maaaa – modify at aaaa. records change and end; records change and moves to next next address O – exit to DOSPLUS with DEBUG still engaged Rpr aaaa – alter register pair pr to aaaa S – full screen display mode U – set dynamic display update mode X – set register examine mode ; – advance display to next memory page - – decrement display to previous memory page

DIR – display disk directory
	DIR [FROM] drivespec [TO] device/file [USING] wildmask (System=,Invis=,Kill=,Alpha=)
		drivespec – optional drive specification device/file – optional output device or file
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		wildmask – optional wildmask (?,*,!) to restrict DIR to certain class or group of files System=sw – display system files Invis=sw – display visible and invisible files Kill=sw – display deleted files Alpha=sw – display files in alphabetical order

DO – execute a command chaining file
	DO filespec (Break=,High=)
		filespec – any valid file specification Break=sw – BREAK key enable/disable High=val – set high memory before execution

DUMP – dump memory to a file
	DUMP filespec (Data=,Start=,End=,Tra=)
		filespec – any valid file specification Data=sw – indicates that file is non-program file Start=val – starting memory address End=val – ending memory address Tra=val – transfer address

ERROR – detailed error message
	ERROR [val]
		val – optional error message number

FILTER – set up filter on any character oriented device
	FILTER [FROM] devspec [TO] filespec (YES/NO,MAP)
		devspec – any valid, active device
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		filespec – the filter program YES – engage filter after loading (assumed) or engage previously loaded filters NO – load but do not engage filter or deactivate a previously loaded filter MAP – display filter codes

FORCE – route I/O of one system device to another
	FORCE – with no parameters, displays device setting FORCE [FROM] devspec [TO] device/file
		devspec – primary device to be routed
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		device/file – device or file to which primary device is to be routed

FORMS – define certain parameters concerning printer
	FORMS – with no parameters, displays forms parameters FORMS (Page=,Lines=,Width=,Top,Code=)
		Page=val – number of physical line on page Lines=val – number of lines per page to be used Width=val – number of characters per line Top – immediate top-of-form mode Code=val – sends 1 or 2 byte value to printer

FREE* – display disk and directory free space
	FREE no drivespec, free space displayed FREE [FROM] drivespec [TO] device/file
		drivespec – optional drive specification device – optional output device
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		file – optional output file

I – instruct system to log in a disk
	I [drivespec] (Mount=)
		drivespec – any valid drive number Mount=sw – logs in disk immediately

JOIN – link two devices within DOSPLUS system
	JOIN [FROM] drivespec [TO] device/file
		devicespec – primary device to be linked device – device with which primary device is to be linked
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		file – file with which primary device is to be linked

KILL – delete a files or deactivate devices
	KILL filespec (Inv=,Echo=,Sys=,Query=,Pw=) KILL [FROM] drivespec [USING] wildmask (Inv=,Echo=,Sys=,Query=,Pw=) KILL devspec KILL drivespec
		filespec – name of file to be deleted wildmask – optional group of files to be deleted (use ?,*,! to mask characters) devspec – name of device to be deactivated
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		drivespec – name of drive to be removed from system Inv=sw – include or not invisible files in delete Echo=sw – display filename as being deleted Sys=sw – include or not system files in delete Query=sw – prompt before deleting files Pw=”" – declares DISK master password to system

LIB – displays a list of the library commands
	LIB [TO] device/file
		device – any valid output device in the system
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		file – any valid output file

LIST – list contents of a file
	LIST [FROM] device1/file [TO] device2/file2 (Ctl=)
		device1 – source device
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		file1 – source file device2 – destination device file2 – destination file Ctl=sw – determines whether or not control codes (ASCII 00H-1FH) will be output unchanged or displayed as periods

LOAD – load a file into memory
	LOAD [FROM] filespec (Prompt=,Run=,Tra=)
		filespec – name of file to be loaded Prompt=sw – prompt for disk mounts or not Run=sw – execute file upon load or not Tra=address – control address to be transferred to if file is to be executed

PAUSE – pause execution until a key is pressed
	PAUSE [message]
		message – optional message string

PROT – change diskette information
	PROT [drivespec] (Pw=”",Mpw=”",Name=”",Date=”",Lock=, Acc=,Upd=,Clean=)
		drivespec – drive specification Pw=”" – supplies current disk master password Mpw=”" – supplies new password to system Name=”" – specifies new name for diskette Date=”" – specifies new date for diskette Lock=sw – whether disk master password is to be assigned to, or removed from, all files in the directory or not Acc=sw – if LOCK=Y, disk master password is assigned as ACCESS password of all files if LOCK=N, ACCESS passwords are removed Upd=sw – if LOCK=Y, disk master password is assigned as UPDATE password of all files if LOCK=N, UPDATE passwords are removed Clean=sw – zero or not unused entries in directory

RENAME – change names of files, devices, drives
	RENAME [FROM] device1/file1 [TO] device2/file2
		device1 – device being renamed
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		file1 – file being renamed device2 – new name for device file2 – new name for file

RESET – store a device or disk to default driver
	RESET – without parameters, performs global reset RESET [FROM] devspec/drivespec
		devspec – current logical name of device
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		drivespec – current logical name of disk drive

RS232 – set serial communications device
	RS232 – with no parameters, displays current settings RS232 (Baud=,Word=,Stops=,Parity=,Even=,Odd=,Dtr=,Rts=,BReak=)
		Baud=val – sets baud rate Word=val – sets word length Stops=val – sets number of stop bits Parity=sw – engage/disengage parity error checking Even=sw – configures for even parity Odd=sw – configures for odd parity Dtr=sw – sets/resets DTR line Rts=sw – sets/resets RTS line BReak=sw – sets RS232 break status

SCREEN – output video data to another device or file
	SCREEN [TO] device/file
		device – optional output device
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		file – optional output file

SYSTEM – configure system
	SYSTEM – with no parameters, displays memory usage SYSTEM (Time=,Date=,Logo=,Blink=,Caps=,CUrsor=,High=,Step=,SAve=,Port=,Mode=) SYSTEM [filespec]
		filespec – name of configuration file Time=sw – enable/disable time prompt Date=sw – enable/disable date prompt Logo=sw – enable/disable logo Blink=sw – enable/disable blink cursor Caps=sw – toggle caps mode (upper/lower case) CUrsor=val – define cursor character High=val – set top of memory pointer Step=val – set system default drive step rate SAve=sw – effect permanent changes Port=val – address of port to be output on powerup Mode=val – one byte value to be output to this port

TIME – set real-time clock in real-time clock
	TIME – display time TIME hh:mm:ss – set system time
		hh – two-digit hour (00-23) mm – two-digit minute (00-59) ss – two-digit second (00-59)

VERIFY – read after each disk write
	VERIFY [ON/OFF]
		ON – engage verify OFF – disengage verify

DOSPLUS 3.5 Utility Command Reference

BACKUP – mass COPY of files with mirror image only
	BACKUP [FROM] :sd [TO] :dd (Date=”",Use=”")
		:sd – drive being copied from :dd – drive being copied to Date=”" – date or range of dates Use=”" – overwrite files without being prompted
			Y – proceed with backup N – abort backup F – reformat diskette

CONVERT – converts files from Model III TRSDOS, reads TRSDOS 1.3 directory, render TRSDOS 2.3 readable
	CONVERT [FROM] :sd [TO] :dd [USING] wildmask (CAT=,DIR=,Echo=,Invis=,System=,Over=,Query=,V12,V13,Mod1=) CONVERT [FROM] :dr (CAT=,DIR=,Echo=,Invis=,System=,Over=,Query=,V12,V13,Mod1=)
		:sd – source drive :dd – destination drive :dr – any valid drive wildmask – valid DOSPLUS wildcard specification (use ?,*,! to mask characters) CAT=sw – display directory of TRSDOS 1.3 DIR=sw – same as CAT Echo=sw – display filenames as files are copied Invis=sw – operate on invisible and visible files System=sw – operate on system and non-system files Over=sw – overwrite or not a file Query=sw – query or not before copying files V12 – convert from TRSDOS 1.2 or earlier V13 – convert from TRSDOS 1.3 Mod1=sw – use double-density diskette (Mod I)

DIRCHECK – check/repair disk directory
	DIRCHECK [FROM] :dr [TO] filespec/devspec (Cyl0,Files,Gat,Hit)
		:dr – drive containing directory to be checked filespec – optional output file devspec – optional optional device specification
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		Cyl0 – ignore possible error on Model I double- density diskette boostrap file Files – repair faulty file directory entries Gat – repair faulty Granule Allocation Table Hit – repair faulty Hash Index Table

DISKDUMP – display/modify disk sectors
	DISKDUMP filespec
		filespec – name of file to be examined or modified Commands
			; – advance one sector - – go back one sector + – advance to end of file = – go to beginning of file F – find hexadecimal value G – go to specified sector M – enter modify mode P – locate address in load module file @ xx – fill xx bytes with 00 byte, starting at current cursor location @ xxyy – fill yy bytes with xx byte, starting at current cursor location

DISKZAP – disk sector editor
	DISKZAP – no parameters; menu is displayed
		Set – alter disk drive parameters Fill – fill sectors with specified byte Copy – copy sectors Print – print hardcopy of selected sectors Verify – read and check specified sectors Format – format a selected track or tracks Display – display or modify diskette sectors Display commands:
			; – increment display one sector + – increment display one cylinder - – decrement display one sector = – decrement display one cylinder BREAK – return to main menu M – enter modify mode
		Modify commands:
			right arrow – increment cursor position 1 byte down arrow – increment cursor position 1 row left arrow – decrement cursor position 1 byte up arrow – decrement cursor position 1 byte BREAK – abort modify mode without save ENTER – end modify mode with save CLEAR – toggle hexadecimal/ASCII display @ xx – fill current sector with 00 bytes @ xxyy – fill current sector with yy bytes with xx bytes

FORMAT – format a diskette to receive data
	FORMAT :dr (Date=”",Pw=”",Name=”",Cyls=,Sides=,Den=”",Use=”")
		:dr – drive containing diskette for formatting Date=”" – set format date {01/01/80} Pw=”" – specify disk master password {none} Name=”" – specify disk name {none} Cyls=val – specify number of cylinders {40} Sides=val – specify single/double-headed format {1} Den=”" – specify single (S) or double (D) density Use=”" – override (Y) or not (N) prompt for previously formatted diskette {N}

HELP – quick reference to proper syntax and parameters
	HELP – list of valid commands and programs HELP [FROM] command [TO] filespec/@devspec
		command – valid DOSPLUS command or program filespec – output file name @devspec – output device specification
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined

MAP – list, by cylinder and sector, of allocated areas
	MAP [FROM] :dr [TO] filespec/@devspec [USING] wildmask (System,Invis,Hex)
		:dr – disk drive specification filespec – output file name @devspec – output device specification
			@DO – video display @KI – keyboard @PR – printer @RS – serial port @U1 – user defined @U2 – user defined
		wildmask – valid DOSPLUS wildcard specification (use ?,*,! to mask characters) System – include system files Invis – include invisible files Hex – provide cylinder and sector numbers in hex

PATCH – make changes to load module format files
	PATCH filespec1 filespec2 PATCH filespec1 PATCH filespec1 patname (Kill=)
		filespec1 – any valid filespec filespec2 – any patch format file patname – name of patch to be removed Kill=sw – remove patch from file

RESTORE – reclaim files which have been KILLed
	RESTORE filespec
		filespec – name of KILLed file

SYSGEN – place DOSPLUS operating system on an media
	SYSGEN :dr filespec (Xder=)
		:dr – drivespec for media filespec – optional bootstrap program Xder=val – specify control address on system reset

TAPE – tape-to-disk/disk-to-tape transfer
	TAPE
		Commands:
			B – adjust baud rate (Model III) H – print help list I – re-initialize program L – load a disk file M – map out program area O – offset program Q – exit to DOSPLUS R – read a system tape S – save a disk file W – write a system tape

TRAP – intercepts disk I/O errors with intervention
	TRAP – there are no parameters

DOSPLUS 3.5 Drivers and Filters Reference

KI/DVR – keyboard driver
	ASSIGN [FROM] @KI [TO] KI/DVR [USING] filespec (Db=,RD=,RR=)
		filespec – optional MACROKEY definition file Db=val – debounce delay RD=val – delay before key repeat begins RR=val – key repeat rate

DO/DVR – video display driver
	ASSIGN [FROM] @DO [TO] DO/DVR (Ucase=,Blink=)
		Ucase=sw – enable/disable lower case (Model I) Blink=val – set cursor blin rate (Model I)

PR/DVR – printer driver
	ASSIGN [FROM] @PR [TO] PR/DVR (Lf=,Null=,SPool=,Max=,Indent=,Xlate=,Serial=,Delay=,Cts=,DSr=,Cd=,Ri=,INV=)
		Lf=sw – linefeeds are sent to printer after CR Null=sw – printer advance a line when null is printed SPool=val- optional spool buffer size Max=val – optional number of attempts to output character to printer in spooler interrupt Indent=val – number of spaces to indent text Xlate=sw – whether to translate formfeed characters Serial=sw – whether parallel or serial driver is used Delay=sw – optional number of char. after LF or CR Cts=sw – optional handshaking parameter DSr=sw – optional handshaking parameter Cd=sw – optional handshaking parameter Ri=sw – optional handshaking parameter INVert=sw – whether handshaking is normal or inverted

RS/DVR – RS232 serial interface driver
	ASSIGN [FROM] @RS [TO] RS/DVR
		There are no parameters for this driver

FILE/DVR – allow file resident on disk tot act as disk drive itself
	ASSIGN [FROM] :dr [TO] FILE/DVR [USING] filespec (Size=,Inst=)
		:dr – disk drive specification filespec – file containing disk file Size=val – initialize library of specified size Inst=sw – install itself into operating system

DVORAK/FLT – redefine keyboard to conform to layout of of Dvorak style keyboard
	FILTER [FROM] @KI [TO] DVORAK/FLT

EPSON/FLT – translate EPSON MX-80 character codes
	128-191 into 140-223 region for TRS-80 block graphics

DOSPLUS 3.5 Job Control Language Reference

JCL (PROC=xx,QUEUE=xx) – invoke JCL
	PROC – procedure buffer size (768 to 4096 bytes) {768} QUEUE – keyboard queue (256 to 4096 bytes) {256}

EX jclprog <exp1> <exp2> <exp3> – execute JCL
	jclprog – JCL program file <exp> – parameters

JCL Commands
	/DOS <exp> – pass DOSPLUS command line to command interpreter /EXIT – terminate JCL execution /READ $var1 $var2 – accept input from keyboard or queue /TYPE <exp> – display messages on video /PRINT <exp>- display messages to lineprinter /IF <exp1> <relation> <exp2>/JCL command – make logical comparisons of JCL variables and decisions based on those comparisons /GOTO -label – alter normal program flow /QUEUE <exp> – place data in keyboard queue /QLOAD filespec – load keyboard queue with data stored in disk file /PURGE – purge keyboard queue /QUEUE /Jump -label – place special characters in queue /RESUME – return to program interrupted by /JUMP /CANCEL – allow JCL procedure entered through /JUMP to avoid returning to intercepted program /RUN filespec <exp1> <exp2> <exp3> – execute another JCL program /DEBUG – invoke DOSPLUS 3.5′s DEBUG monitor /VOFF – suppress display of data read from queue /OPTION <parm>/switch <parm>/switch <parm>/switch
		DSP – whether data is displayed on video JCL – print trace of JCL activities during execution QUEUE – turn keyboard queue on/off QBYTE – enable/disable queue from responding to single-character input DQ – copy all data output to video display into queue CHR – determines how special characters read from queue are handled

DOSPLUS 3.5 Disk BASIC Extensions

BASIC
	BASIC – extended disk BASIC and DOS commands TBASIC – memory efficient disk BASIC BASIC filespec -F:nn -M:nnnn
		filespec – optional file specification -F:nn – number of files (0-15) to be open at one time -M:nnnn – highest memory address BASIC will use
			BASIC * – re-enter BASIC with program intact

CLOSE filnum, filnum, filnum… – close open disk files
	filnum – optional file number (1-15) to be closed; if omitted; all files are closed

CMD – return to DOSPLUS

CMD”D” – turns on and enters DEBUGger

CMD”E” – returns last DOSPLUS error message

CMD”M” – dynamic variable dump
CMD”M”,P – dynamic variable dump to printer

CMD”O”,exp,+ or -,AN(se),KA-KA,TA,TA – sort arrays
	exp – expression to indicate number of elements + or – - primary key in ascending or descending order AN(se) – primary key array with starting element no. +KA – next key array (ascending order) -KA – next key array (descending order) TA – first tag array TA – next tag array

CMD”R” – enable the interrupts

CMD”REF”,option,option,…
	S= – single variable,line, or keyword V – all variables L – all line numbers K – all keywords P – printer output

CMD”RENUM”,nln,inc,sln,eln – renumber BASIC text
	nln – new line number {10} inc – increment {10} sln – starting line number {top of text} eln – ending line number {end of text}

CMD”S” – normal return to DOSPLUS
	nln – new line number {10} inc – increment {10} sln – starting line number {top of text} eln – ending line number {end of text}

CMD”SR”,sexp,rexp,sln-eln – global editing of BASIC text
	sexp – search expression rexp – replacement expression sln-eln – optional starting and ending lines

CMD”T” – disable the interrupts

CMD”X devspec/filespec -V/-L,<title>” – cross reference
	devspec/filespec – data destination (*do) -V – crossref all variables =var – crossref only specified variable -L – cross ref all lines =line – crossref only specified line <title> – title for current crossref list

&Hdddd – directly use hexadecimal numbers
	dddd – one to four digit hexadecimal value

CVD(var$) – restore string to number
	var$ – inverses MKD$ with 8 byte string

CVI(var$) – restore string to number
	var$ – inverses MKI$ with 2 byte string

CVS(var$) – restore string to number
	var$ – inverses MKD$ with 4 byte string

DEF FN name(var)=exp – define function
	name – variable used to name function var – variable(s) to be passed to function exp – function desired

DEFUSRn = address – define entry address for machine-language subroutine
	n – USR routine number (0-9) address – machine language entry point

DI pln nln – delete and insert BASIC program lines
	pln – present line number nln – new line number

DU pln nln – duplicate BASIC program lines
	pln – present line number nln – new line number

EOF(filnum) – determine if end of file is reached
	filnum – file buffer being interrogated

FIELD filnum,num AS var$,num AS var… – partition
	the buffer used with a random file filnum – file buffer number specified in OPEN num – length of that field var$ – variable name for the field

GET filnum, recnum – read record from random file
	filnum – file buffer number recnum – logical record number

INPUT@ <pos>,”prompt”,fl,it;var$ – controlled input
	<pos> – screen position “prompt” – prompt message to be displayed fl – integer expression of field length it – item type flag ($ = alphanumeric, # = numeric, * = return on field full) var$ – string variable for input field

INPUT# filnum,var,var,var… – sequential file input
	filnum – file buffer number of file var – variable containing information read in

INSTR (pos,targ$,sub$) – string search function
	pos – optional position; 1 is assumed targ$ – name of string to be searched sub$ – sub-string to be searched for

KILL “filespec” – delete program or data from disk
	filespec – standard DOSPLUS file specification

LINE INPUT”prompt”;var$ – keyboard line input
	prompt – optional prompt to be displayed var$ – name of string to return information

LINE INPUT# filnum,var$ – input line from disk file
	filnum – file buffer number of sequential file var – variable name to store the string

LOAD “filespec”,option – load program from disk
	filespec – standard DOSPLUS file specification option – one or more special options to engage
		R – runs program after loading; open file will not be closed V – preserves current set variables and FIELD line number – begins execution at line number specified when R option is used

LOC(filnum) – determine last record accessed
	filnum – file buffer number being interrogated

LOF(filnum) – determine number of record in a file
	filnum – file buffer number being interrogated

LSET (or RSET) var$=exp$ – fill output buffer
	var$ – variable defined via FIELD statement exp$ – string expression to be placed in buffer

MERGE “filespec” – merge ASCII file with resident program
	filespec – standard DOSPLUS file in ASCII format option – optional switch R to not interrupt program execution after new file is loaded

MID$ (var$,pos,len=rep$) – replace portion of a string
	var$ – name of string to be edited pos – starting position of replacement len – specifies number of character to be replaced rep$ – string to be replaced with var$

new$=MID$(old$,pos,len) – duplicate portion of string
	new$ – string created in this operation old$ – original string information to duplicate pos – point of old$ to start duplicating from len – number of characters to duplicate

MKD$(exp) – convert numbers to strings
	exp – returns 8 byte string; double precision

MKI$(exp) – convert numbers to strings
	exp – returns 2 byte string; integer precision

MKS$(exp) – convert numbers to strings
	exp – returns 4 byte string; single precision

NAME label – assigns label to line on which NAME appears

OPEN “mode”,filenum,”filespec”,lrl – open disk file
	mode – I/O mode intended for file
		R – random access mode D – direct access; same as R I – sequential input mode E – sequential output extension mode O – sequential output mode

PRINT# filnum,USING format$,var,del,var… – output data to a sequential file
	filnum – file buffer number of sequential file USING format$ – optional format string to define data format for the print var – variable containing data to be written del – delimiter that must be placed between each variable to be written; may be semi-colon

PUT filnum,recnum – write random access file
	filnum – file buffer number recnum – logical record number to be written

RESTORE nnnn – set data pointer to line nnnn

RUN “filespec”,option – load and run a program
	filespec – standard DOSPLUS file specification option – one of three special options
		R – any open files will not be closed V – preserves currently set variables and FIELD line number – runs program beginning at line no.

SAVE “filespec”,A – save program
	filespec – standard DOSPLUS file specification A – optional switch to save file in ASCII format

SET EOFn – set EOF to last record accessed+1

USRn (var) – call user external subroutine
	n – USR routine number var – variable to be passed to USR routine

DOSPLUS 3.5 Disk BASIC Shorthand

SHORTHAND – command abbreviations
	; – list first line of program <SH><UP AR>- list first line of program / – list last line of program <DOWN AR> – list next line of program <UP AR> – list preceding line of program L – list D – delete E – edit G – goto A – auto N – name R or R” – run L” – load S” – save K” – kill . – list current line of program , – edit current line of program

DOSPLUS 3.5 Disk BASIC Error Messages

Dec	Hex	Message
—	—	———-
0	00	No error found
1	01	CRC error during header read
2	02	Seek error during read
3	03	Lost data during read
4	04	CRC error during read
5	05	Data record not found during read
6	06	Attempted to read locked/deleted record
7	07	Attempted to read system data record
8	08	Drive not available
9	09	CRC error during header write
10	0A	Seek error during write
11	0B	Lost data during write
12	0C	CRC error during write
13	0D	Data record not found during write
14	0E	Write fault on disk drive
15	0F	Write protected disk
16	10	Illegal logical file number
17	11	Directory read error
18	12	Directory write error
19	13	Improper file name
20	14	GAT read error
21	15	GAT write error
22	16	HIT read error
23	17	HIT write error
24	18	File not in directory
25	19	File access denied due to password protection
26	1A	Directory space full
27	1B	Disk space full
28	1C	Attempted to read past EOF
29	1D	Attempted to read outside of file limits
30	1E	Directory full; can’t extend file
31	1F	Program not found
32	20	Improper drive number
33	21	No memory space available
34	22	Attempted to use non-program file as program
35	23	Memory fault during program load
36	24	Attempted to load read only memory
37	25	Illegal access attempted to protected file
38	26	I/O attempted to unopen file
39	27	Device in use
40	28	Protected system device
41	29	Device not available
42	2A	No device space available
43	2B	Illegal devicespec
44	2C	Illegal filespec
45	2D	Invalid data provided
46	2E	Invalid parameter
47	2F	I/O field not found
48	30	Terminated
49	31	File already exists
50	32	Device already exists

DOSPLUS 3.5 Disk BASIC Error Codes

Error Code	ERR Value	Error Message
———-	———-	———-
1	0	NEXT without FOR
2	2	Syntax error
3	4	RETURN without GOSUB
4	6	Out of DATA
5	8	Illegal function call
6	10	Overflow
7	12	Out of memory
8	14	Undefined line number
9	16	Subscript out of range
10	18	Redimensioned array
11	20	Division by zero
12	22	Illegal direct
13	24	Type mismatch
14	26	Out of string space
15	28	String too long
16	30	String formula too complex
17	32	Can’t continue
18	34	No RESUME
19	36	RESUME without error
20	38	Unprintable error
21	40	Missing operand
22	42	Bad file data
23	44	Disk BASIC feature
24	46	Undefined user function
51	100	Field overflow
52	102	Internal error
53	104	Bad file number
54	106	File not found
55	108	Bad file mode
56	110	File already open
58	114	Disk I/O error
59	116	File already exists
62	122	Disk full
63	124	Input past end
64	126	Bad record number
65	128	Bad file name
66	130	Mode mismatch
67	132	Direct statement in file
68	134	Too many files
69	136	Disk write protected
70	138	File access denied

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TRS-80 DOS – DOSPLUS 3.5

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